Biopsychosocial Needs for Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, and the leading cause of non-traumatic neurological disability among young adults. Effective management requires a multifaceted approach to control acute attacks, manage the worsening progressive, and remediate disabling symptoms associated with this illness (Hauser & Cree, 2020). Multiple sclerosis like other chronic diseases severely affects health and quality of life of the affected patients and causes several physical, psychological and social problems (Yalachkov et al., 2019). It affects patients' life and causes a wide range of sensory, visual, speech, cognitive, fatigue, genitourinary and chronic pain, which have negative effects on all the different aspects of quality of life of the patients. Moreover, this disease may accompany some psychiatric diseases related to mood, behavior and personality, Also be seen with depression, stress and anxiety due to the course of the disease or the side effects of the treatment (Esparza et al., 2015). There is no cure for MS, but there are a wide range of treatment options that improve the long-term outcome in patients. The goal in MS therapy is to reduce relapses and improve functionality throughout the life of a patients (Pandit, 2013).