The Role of Calgranulin C as a Non-Invasive Marker for Infilammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

The two main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). These gastrointestinal conditions comprise chronic mucosal inflammatory changes and can manifest with various symptoms, such as diarrhea, pain and bleeding. Although both UC and CD may present at any age, the peak age of disease onset is between 15 and 35 years. Up to a quarter of individuals are diagnosed in childhood or adolescence. Specific fecal biomarkers have been evaluated and developed over recent years. These non-invasive indicators of gut inflammation include lactoferrin, M2-pyruvate kinase, osteoprotegerin and calprotectin. Recent review has considered some of these. Calprotectin consists of two S100 proteins, S100A8 and S100A9, which form a heterocomplex termed calprotectin because of its calcium binding and protective properties. Calgranulin-C is a member of the S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins. Human calgranulin-C is markedly overexpressed in inflammatory compartments. The aim in this study was to evaluate the role of serum calgranulin c as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in IBD patients and to correlate it's level with different biochemical, endoscopic and clinical parameters.