Gonadal Veins Embolization For The Management Of Pelvic Varices In Females

Abstract

hronic pelvic pain (CPP) is defined as chronic non-cyclical pelvic pain affecting mainly females at the childbearing period persistent for more than 6 months, CPP has many etiological factors, yet may be associated with pelvic and valvar varices in some females and defined as pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). Due to abnormal retrograde flow of blood in the gonadal and internal iliac vein. A review of literature is included showing anatomy of the pelvic veins and describing the leak points in details, pathology and technique of pelvic veins embolization. This study highlights the role of ovarian veins embolization in the management pelvic varices in females, we have decided to compare the outcomes and recurrence rates using different embolic agents named foam, coils, glue or combination of them with a follow up period of 6 months. The study measured the technical and clinical success rates of pelvic veins embolization, the technical success rate was 100 %, the clinical success was measured by the VAS which showed dramatic improvement and TVUS which showed complete resolution of the pelvic varices.