REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED WATER USING SOME PHYSICAL AND RADIATION TECHNIQUES

Abstract

Several wastes play a remarkable role in environmental pollution. Interest in the issue of pollution increases day by day, particularly with modern waste, because of the industrial boom and the steadily growing population, and the consequent increase in the amount of liquid, solid and gaseous pollutants and other environmental contaminants. Contamination with heavy elements such as iron, zinc, copper, lead, and cadmium are considered the most dangerous type of pollution due to its accumulation in the tissues of the organism. Heavy metals are dangerous because they are not able to decompose and cause acute and chronic damage to various organisms. Nuclear explosions have a tremendous effect on the climate, as they release massive quantities of nuclear- dust into the atmosphere that can be sufficient to block the sunlight for several months, especially in the northern hemisphere (nuclear winter). Additionally, this causes damage to the ozone layer, and these explosions can to nuclear explosions destroy plant life by being deposited on plant surfaces to be absorbed by leaves. Besides, sudden accidents in nuclear power plants such as the Chernobyl accident and the disposal of radioactive nuclear waste pose the utmost risk of radioactive pollution to the surrounding environment. Although some consider nuclear energy to be clean energy as it does not release pollutants such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, there is always great concern about the potential danger arising from emergency accidents at these stations and the resulting nuclear waste. Microcrystalline cellulose is a product of the pure polymerization of glucose, and it is a kind of ideal health food additive. All sorbents that can be applied without any pre-treatment belong to natural sorbents, which are chemicals that can selectively absorb gases, vapors, or other substances from the surrounding space. Activated carbon is the most effective of these sorbents, which are best used for short-term use. All