Synthesis of some nano-structured metal oxides and chalcogenides for high performance energy-storage electrodes

Abstract

In recent years, Due to the growing energy demand, which causes the disastrous high exhaustion of fossil fuel, the search for clean and renewable energy sources has become an urgent necessity to keep pace with industrial development and preserve the depleted environment. Hence, it is necessary to work on the development of energy storage devices along with the search for new energy sources. Among these various energy storage devices, supercapacitors (SCs) is a prominent place which highly interests the researchers, as a result of their unique properties such as their safety, especially if compared with batteries, super-extended cycling life, low processing temperature, and ultra-high power density. Unfortunately, SCs' practical applications suffer from their low energy density. Consequently, as a matter of brevity, scientific research aims to obtain a device with high energy without sacrificing its high power and other unique properties. In this thesis, we demonstrate an easy and efficient hydrothermal approach for growing nanostructured materials of some transition metal oxides and sulfides for supercapacitor applications. In this regard, the concise aspects of supercapacitors in terms of charge storage mechanisms and the recent progress in the design and fabrication of electrode materials as well as energy-related performance had been described. In chapter 2 we describe the preparation methods for all prepared electrodes and the analysis techniques used in this work which divided to physical characterization, such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray photon spectroscopy,