Detection of HLA-DQB1 Alleles in Yemeni and Egyptian Periodontitis Patients. (Case-control study)

Abstract

DQB1 alleles denoting that it may have a protective role against periodontitis development among the Egyptian Healthy controls. The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of the BOP was present in a high frequency in Yemeni periodontitis patients having the HLA-DQB1*02 allele in comparison to Yemeni periodontitis patients not having the HLA-DQB1*02 allele, denoting the role of the HLA-DQB1*02 allele in the severity of Grade B periodontitis among Yemeni patients. The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of the BOP was present in a high frequency in Egyptian periodontitis patients having the HLA-DQB1*02 allele in comparison to Egyptian periodontitis patients not having the HLA-DQB1*02 allele, denoting the role of the HLA-DQB1*02 allele in the severity of Grade B periodontitis among Egyptian patients.

The following clinical parameters were recorded for each participant; PI, GI, BOP, CAL, and PPD. Periapical radiographic examination was done for all participants. Periodontal status was investigated and diagnosed according to the Staging and grading Framework of the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions (2018). Blood samples were collected from all patients by aspiration of the peripheral blood from the median cubital vein and transferred into a sterile EDTA containing vacutainers. Human DNA was isolated and extracted by using the DNA extraction and the HLA-DQB1 alleles were typed by real-time polymerase chain reaction with a specific sequence primer kit. The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of the HLA-DQB1*02 genotype was the most significant allele in the Yemeni and Egyptian Grade B periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls denoting that it may have a role in periodontitis susceptibility. The results of the present study showed also that the HLA-DQB1*0501 allele was present in a high frequency among the Yemeni healthy controls than other HLA-DQB1 alleles denoting that it may have a protective role against periodontitis development among the Yemeni Healthy controls. On the other hand, The HLA- DQB1*0301 allele was present in a high frequency among the Egyptian healthy controls than other HLA- Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues of periodontium leading to severe inflammation with progressive attachment loss and bone loss, characterized by pocket formation and/or gingival recession. Although plaque bacteria are necessary for periodontitis initiation, host susceptibility is essential for developing periodontitis after plaque accumulation. Genetics plays a major role in this individual susceptibility to periodontal inflammation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between genetic phenotypes of HLA-DQB1 with Grade B periodontitis and associate the prevalence of HLA-DQB1 alleles with the clinical parameters of Grade B periodontitis in the Yemeni and Egyptian patients having Grade B periodontitis. The present study was conducted on 80 Yemeni and Egyptian patients having Grade B periodontitis. These patients were grouped into four groups, Yemeni patients having Grade B periodontitis (20 patients), and Yemeni healthy controls (20 participants), Egyptian patients having Grade B periodontitis (20 patients), Egyptian healthy controls (20 participants).