Chromatographic isolation and characterization of certain bioactive chemical ingredients of Phyllanthus emblica and Magnolia grandiflora extracts and assessment of their potentials as antiviral and anticancer agents

Abstract

The current study aims to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer and antiviral activities of Phyllanthus emblica and Magnolia grandiflora leaves, as well as characterization of bioactive chemical constituents. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of plant extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s and aluminium trichloride assays, respectively. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing assay and total antioxidant capacity, the anticancer activity was evaluated via MTT assay, while the antiviral activity was evaluated using cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition and anti-HCV assays. Moreover, the chemical profiling of extracts was performed using reversed phase high-performance liquid-chromatography method. Our finding revealed that P. emblica and M. grandiflora are rich in glycosides, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids and tannins, these constituents acting a vital role for treatment of different diseases. The n-butanol fraction exhibited the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents with values .P.emblica: 654.78 mg GAE /g ext and 110.14 mg RE / g ext, M. grandiflora: 447.67 mg GAE /g ext and 109.21mg RE / g ext respectively. Also, it possessed the most effective antioxidant activities, for P.emblica (DPPH; IC50=19.59 µg/mL, RPAA; 0.948 mg AAE /g ext., and TAC; 543.62mg AAE /g ext.) and for M. grandiflora ( DPPH; IC50=22.19 µg/mL, RPAA; 0.914mg AAE /g ext., and TAC; 671.16 mg AAE /g ext.) and anticancer activity against