Potential Influence of BRCA genes Alterations in survival of Glioblastoma Multiform patients

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (World health Organization Grade IV) represents the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the human central nervous system. This type of gliomas is characterized by high cellularity, nuclear atypia, brisk mitotic activity, microvascular proliferation, and necrosis. Signs and symptoms are initially non-specific, they may include headaches , neasuea, vomiting and Symptoms similar to those of a stork. The diagnosis is typically made by a combination of CT scan and MRI. The incidence rate of GBM is approximately 3/100,000. Even with the available clinical treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy the median overall survival is only 14.6 months for GBM patients with a 5-year survival rate is < 5%. Some progress has been achieved in the treat¬ment of glioblastoma patients, a companion prospective multicenter study performed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCIC) has shown that the addition of the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) to radio¬therapy improved 2-year survival of patients with newly diag¬nosed glioblastoma from 11.0% to 27.3%, 3-year survival from