Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on The Protective Role of Propolis on the Spleen of The Physically Stressed Rats

Abstract

Disturbed immunological response to stress is a major problem facing our society nowadays. The defective defense mechanism during stress is due to the inability of the involuted spleen to perform its proper function. Many attempts to restore an effective immunological response were in vain. Propolis administration before stress waved for new hope in the correction of stress-induced disturbed immunological response. Our work aimed to study the effect of stress on the splenic structure and to prove the possible protective effect of propolis on the spleen of physically stressed rats. The stress technique was performed by placing rats in plastic restraints with a ventilation pore that allowed complete restraint for two hours/day for ten consecutive days (restraint stress test).