Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Features in Diabetic Patients with Unexplained Visual Loss

Abstract

MI is a troublesome complication of diabetes mellitus; the pathogenesis, cause, progression, and treatment options are poorly understood and studied. DMI is correlated with reduced retinal sensitivity and poor VA. FFA has been the gold standard to understand, diagnose, and treat retinal disorders. However, being an invasive procedure, it has several limitations including adverse drug reactions. Hence, the noninvasive tests that can be repeated during the course of the disease are the need of the hour. OCTA can provide images with higher details regarding macular status, and so it can be considered the new recent imaging technique for diagnosis of DMI. Which could be an alternative to FFA for this purpose. Our results also offered an improved quantification of the FAZ area in diabetic patients with DMI. We decided to conduct this cross-sectional study on 15 diabetic patients with unexplained visual loss. This study analyzed the quantitative OCTA data in foveal and macular areas such as FAZ metrics (FAZ area, perimeter, and Acircularity index), Vessel density (FD-300, Superficial and deep Foveal, Superficial and deep Parafoveal), Macular thickness (Foveal and Parafoveal). These parameters were then correlated with Best Corrected Vision LogMAR. Also, we evaluated DMI correlation with Best Corrected Vision LogMAR.