Comparative study between Extracorporeal Shock Wave Llthotripsy and Percutaneous Nephrosto- Lithotomy in the management of lower pole renaS calculi

Abstract

Caliceal stones were often neglected by most of the urologists since they are often asymptomatic and non-obstructing. The introduction of non-invasive technology like PCNL and ESWL encouraged the urologist to approach caliceal calculi actively. The aim of this work was to compare between both techniques as regards the efficacy and patient safety