Brief on Canine Carpal Arthrodesis (experimental study)

Abstract

Canine carpal arthrodesis was defined as surgical Salvage procedures induced osseous union of carpal joint via surgical intervention. The main indications for carpal arthrodesis were Sever carpal bone fractures, chronic arthropathies, neurological deficits include both ulnar nerve deficit and incomplete radial deficit. End-stage degenerative joint disease, hyperextension injures, congenital dysostosis, complex distal antebrachial fracture, and bone fractures. Many materials were used to enhancement healing as allogenic bone graft, demineralized bone matrix, recombinant bone morphogenic protein, and novel biomaterials as (hydroxyapatite, and collagen. In the present study, twenty apparent healthy dogs were divided into four groups. group number one was treated by cancellous bone graft while group number two was treated by Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicle, group number three was treated with both cancellous bone and Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicle, the last group was control group only gone under pan carpal arthrodesis without receiving either cancellous bone graft or Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicle. Pancarpal arthrodesis was assessed in all groups of dogs clinically, radiographically, and histopathologically at fixed intervals time to compare the therapeutic effect (enhancement healing process) and post-operative complication of augmentation of pan carpal arthrodesis alone or combined with either cancellous bone autograft or MVs or both of them. Lameness score was recorded for all groups at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. It was noted that the MVs group was the fastest one by placing the foot on the ground and improved movement throughout the length of the experiment. Radiographic evaluation revealed faster