SIMULATION MODEL FOR INTEGRATED SURFACE IRRIGATED PALM TREES MANAGEMENT IN NEW VALLEY GOVERNORATE

Abstract

According to the constant and limited water resources in Egypt besides, the expected climate changes and the continuous increasing population, therefore water should be applied as a rare commonly. This can be achieved through a lot of procedures that can all lead to lesson water consumption by plant and maximize irrigation water productivity in turn, obtaining the best productivity from water. Computer simulation models have the potential to improve the efficiency of irrigation systems and thus deliver significant water savings. This can be achieved by optimizing the design and management decisions at the field level. Egypt is the most productive country of date palm fruit in the world because of its nutritional, economic, and social importance to the Egyptians for thousands of years. Flood irrigation is popular irrigation method by the date palm growers because of its lower initial and running costs, easy to apply but it has lower water application efficiency, labor intensive and fully wetted area between trees, and not well suited for sandy soils. To improve the water application efficiency of surface irrigation methods, the use of gated pipes is the most efficient methods for conveying and distributing irrigation water over the entire field. Field experiments were carried out in two successive seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 on date palm (phoenix dactylifera) at the Experimental Farm in El-Dakhla Distinct, New Valley Governorate, Egypt (latitude of 24° 32′ 44″ N and longitude of 27° 10′ 24″ E). Three techniques of gated pipe for surface irrigation system were used in this study: Two side furrows, basin and one side furrow with loop. The objectives of this study: 1- Using simulation model to predict by appropriate advance and recession time, distribution uniformity and moisture