Zinc oxide-Ulva lactuca nanocomposite is a robust dietary immunostimulant in the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)
Omar, Hadeel M; Salaah, Sally M; Saad, Abd El-Halim A; Azzam, Ahmed M; Khalil, Magdy T; El-Sayed, Wael;
Abstract
Aquaculture industry suffers significant limitations such as low resistance to diseases and expensive feed. This study investigated the antibacterial and immunostimulatory activities of ZnO-Ulva lactuca nanocomposite (ZnO-Ul NC) in the Procambarus clarkii. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and ZnO-Ul NC were synthetized and characterized by electron microscopies as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. ZnO NPs and ZnO-Ul NC inhibited the growth of the isolated species Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter hormaechei. For immunostimulatory evaluation, six crayfish groups (control, U. lactuca, ZnO L, ZnO H, ZnO-Ul L, and ZnO-Ul H) were fed on commercial diet, Ulva lactuca powder, and low or high dose of ZnO NPs or ZnO-Ul NCs, respectively for 90 days. The highest levels of total hemocyte count, granular cells%, phenoloxidase (PO) activity in hemolymph, and NO, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and GSH in hepatopancreas were all reported in the ZnO-Ul groups. The expression of proPO, SOD, and lysozyme exhibited the highest upregulation in the ZnO-Ul H group. Taken together, dietary ZnO-Ul NC significantly improved the non-specific immunity and antioxidant milieu of the crayfish at the genomic and proteomic levels. ZnO-Ul NC is cost effective, easily synthesized, and a promising immunostimulant for Procambarus clarkii that could be used in the aquaculture.
Other data
Title | Zinc oxide-Ulva lactuca nanocomposite is a robust dietary immunostimulant in the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) | Authors | Omar, Hadeel M; Salaah, Sally M; Saad, Abd El-Halim A; Azzam, Ahmed M ; Khalil, Magdy T; El-Sayed, Wael | Keywords | Antibacterial activity;Glutathione;Hemocytes;Innate immunity;Lysozyme;Phenoloxidase | Issue Date | 12-Aug-2024 | Journal | Fish & shellfish immunology | Volume | 153 | ISSN | 10504648 | DOI | 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109831 | PubMed ID | 39142372 | Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-85201085409 |
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