Assessment the Role of Egyptian Mulberry Aqueous Extracts in Controlling Renal Complications in Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the amount and anti free radical activity of Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) in Egyptian white and black mulberry fruits and leaves water extracts. Moreover, the study aimed to evaluate the water extracts effect of Egyptian white and black mulberry fruits and leaves, on improving hyperglycemic condition and renal complications in diabetic rats. Seventy-two adult male albino rats Sprague-Dawley strain were equally divided into six groups: group (1) healthy control and group (2) diabetic control were given tap water by gavage tube, groups (3-6) diabetic treated with different water extracts of mulberry white fruits (WMFWE), white leaves (WMLWE), black fruits (BMFWE) and black leaves (BMLWE) (containing 50mg DNJ/kg body weight) by gavages' tube daily for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed under ether anesthesia. Blood samples were collected to separate serum; also kidneys were removed for biochemical parameters estimation. The High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the mulberry extracts showed that water extracts contained higher amount of DNJ than methanol or ethanol extracts. Also mulberry leaves had higher amount of DNJ than fruits and the amount of DNJ in black mulberry was more than the white one. The treatment with mulberry water extracts effectively decreased the blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin percentage, renal aldose reductase activity and renal protein level as compared to untreated diabetic control rats; on the other hand there was an elevation of insulin level. Also mulberry extracts ameliorate the oxidative stress status with significant elevation in non enzymatic antioxidant with significant improvement in kidney function parameters. Based on the presented data in this study, it can be concluded that mulberry extracts possess antidiabetic effect and improving properties of nephropathy complications. Keywords: Rats, diabetes, mulberry, Deoxynojirimycin, aldose reductase, nephropathy.