Radiographic evaluation of OSSEAN surface treatment of mini-implant retaining mandibular overdenture

Abstract

The osseo integration rate of titanium dental implants is related to their diameter, composition and surface roughness. Accordingly, this current study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effect of nano-stuctured acid–etched / calcium phosphate impregnated versus dual acid-etched implants in mini-implant retained mandibular overdentures on the implant marginal bone height change. Fourteen completely edentulous patients were selected from the outpatient clinic, Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University to participate in this study. Patients were precisely selected and thoroughly examined in an attempt to reduce human variables and eliminate any factor that might adversely affect the results of this study. Patients were rehabilitated by mucosa supported maxillary complete denture and mini implant retained mandibular overdenture. Standard clinical and laboratory techniques were followed for denture construction for all patients. Patients participating in this study were randomly divided into two equal groups according to the used employed mini implant surface treatment. Group1: Four mini dental implants (2.1 mm in diameter and 13mm in length) having machined, textured and acid etched surface treatment were installed in the interforaminal area to retain the mandibular overdenture. Group2: Four mini dental implants (2.1mm in diameter and 13mm in length) nano-structured acid–etched / calcium phosphate impregnated were installed in the interforaminal area to retain the mandibular overdenture. Patients were recalled one week after implant insertion for picking up the metal housing of the implants on the fitting surface of the lower dentures. Patients were recalled frequently for post-insertion inspection and adjustments. Follow-up visits were scheduled at time of denture insertion, six, and twelve months for inspection of the prosthesis and radiographic evaluation of the peri-implant bone height change. Marginal bone height change around the implants was evaluated using the linear measurement system supplied by the digital panoramic radiograph. Results obtained from this study showed that: • The use of mini-implants to retain mandibular is an acceptable treatment modality over the one year observation period. Although peri-implant bone level loss showed statistically significant difference, this amount of bone loss is within the permissible range that occur within the first year. • The roughness at the nanometer scale and calcium phosphate coatings reduce the peri implant bone height loss.