Microorganisms as Bionanofactories for Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Applications

Abstract

Although nanoparticles can be made using various physicochemical methods that remains expensive and involves the use of hazardous chemicals. Biological synthesis of nanoparticles appears as a suitable process since it requires less energy, is environmentally safe, emerges as an eco-friendly, scalability, exciting approach, it has low manufacture costs of scalability, and better nanoparticle stabilization, compared to chemically synthesized nanoparticles. This study illustrates simple, green synthesis of AgNPs in vitro using cell lysate supernatant (CLS) of fungal species and to investigate its potential antimicrobial, antiviral activities, and cytotoxic effects against some tumor cell lines. The production ability of silver nanoparticles was investigated by the means of UV-V spectroscopy where changing of the color of the culture filtrate from yellow to brown, indicated the presence of extracellular silver nanoprticles. In addition, electron microscopy (Transmission and scanning electron microscopy) are used for characterization of extracellular silver nanoparticles and Atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray microanalysis and Transmission electron microscopy were used for characterization of intracellular silver nanoparticles. The parameters controlling the biosynthesis process of nanosilver including temperature, pH, time of incubation