Studies on Biodegradable Nanoadjuvants for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery

Abstract

The current study was initiated with the intent to prepare biodegradable nanoadjuvants that can be delivered both mucosal surfaces of chicken. The study also targeted the development of other adjuvants that can used to deliver inactivated viral antigens through the percutaneous route. In parallel, the study targeted improvement of the immune response to current commercial vaccines and to reduce the cost of production of these vaccines in a manner that will sever national interests. Therefore, this study was conducted on several stages. Stage one (the preparation of some chemical compounds and biological material to be tested as adjuvants) a. The following material was prepared: b. Micro-sized Chitosan particle (> 6 um). c. Oily nanoemulsion (within the 100 nm range). d. Nonoaluminum hydroxide (within the 130 nm range). e. IgY preparations that contain antibodies to NDV antigens (known to act as a natural immunomodulatory material). Propagation of NDV in 9-11 days old SPF ECE then titrated in 9-11days old SPF ECE. Virus purification and inactivation

Stage two included Preparation of formulations Physical and visual characterization of those experimental formulations. The critical point for equilibrium was determined for the NDV-IgY complex. The optimum method for virus inactivation that would facilitate further downstream antigen loading and final vaccine formulation within the nanosize range was determined. Stage three (preliminary experiments to investigate the optimal methods, concentrations, and delivery routes to achieve maximum