Surgical Studies on Urine Retention in Male Ruminants

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to:

1. Throw a light on the validity of ultrasonographic examination of normal urinary tract and experimentally induced urine retention in Egyptian mixed breed non castrated bucks (male goats). 2. Assess blood chemistry following experimentally induced urine retention in Egyptian mixed breed non castrated bucks. 3. Assess and compare between some surgical techniques (perineal urethrostomy, surgical tube cystostomy and bladder marsupilization) used for relieving experimentally induced urine retention in Egyptian mixed breed non castrated bucks. 4. Asses and compare between some surgical techniques (urethral process amputation, perineal uretbrostomy,combined cystorraphy andperineal urethrostomy; combined cystorraphy and bladder marsupilization and urethral fistulation}for treating obstructive urolithiasis in male ruminants to determine efficacy, postsurgical complications, and long-term outcomes.