Otoprotective Drugs In Noise Induced Hearing Loss

Abstract

The study was done to know the different pathways to cell death initiated by noise, and to find out the recent literature targeted to prevent initial ROS formation, maintaining cochlear blood flow, restoring calcium balance in cells and in neurons, preventing calcineurin activation and/or caspase formation, or preventing the late forming ROS and RNS species that appear 7– 10 days post-noise.

Interventions, including antioxidant agents, vasodilators, NTFs, steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, caspase inhibitors, JNK inhibitors, and Src protein tyrosine kinase (Src-PTK) inhibitors have all been shown at least partially effective in prevention of auditory deficits, including hearing loss and hair cell death.This is consistent with the global scientific view that damage due to increased ROS generation whether acute or chronic leads to eventual cochlear hair cell damage and death. Given above is a comprehensive summary of the drug interventions in clinical trials.However, we believe that some of these drugs may enter the general market in the next few years.

Given the various points of intervention along the cell death pathways, there are an abundance of potential therapeutic targets. The most effective strategy may include targeting initiating eventsProtective strategies have employed antioxidant compounds, antiinflammatory agents or RNA silencing to achieve positive results.

Key Words: Noise induced hearing loss\ protection\ drugs.