Evaluation of Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potential of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract
Rehab Reda Abdrabou;
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. (M.O.), family (Moringaceae), is cultivated all over the world due to its multiple utilities (Farooq et al., 2012). Moringa oleifera is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics (Mehta et al., 2011).
Various parts of M.O. such as leaves, roots, seeds, barks, fruits, flowers and immature pods contain phytochemicals that are considered useful supplements for treating various human diseases (Aja et al., 2013). Leaves of M.O. is the most important part because it contains alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, saponins, steroids, and tannins, which have therapeutic properties as antitumor, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antispasmodic, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antibacterial and antifungal activities (Asiedu-Gyekye et al., 2014).
The aim of present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-proliferation potential of an ethanolic extract of M. oleifera (EEMO) in diabetic rats with a view to providing information about three active phytoconstituents, (Moringinine, quercetin, and Chlorogenic acid), present in the plant leaf for the clinical treatment of diabetes.
This study include eighty five male Wistar albino rats, weighed about 180 - 200g, rats were purchased from Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (Helwan Farm). The animals were housed in separate screen bottom cages, maintained in a controlled environment under standard conditions. 10 healthy rats were selected as control. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate to overnight fasted 75 animals at a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight (Doss et al., 2009).
Rats in the present study were classified into the following groups:
Control-I: include 10 normal-healthy rats.
Group-II: include 15 diabetic rats that kept untreated.
Group-III: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with EEMO (150 mg / Kg / day) for 21 days (Gupta et al., 2012).
Group-IV: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with moringinine (3600 µmole / KG /day) for 21 days (Soltẻsz et al., 2010).
Group-V: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with quercetin (30 mg / Kg / day) for 21 days (Liang et al., 2011).
Group-VI: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with chlorogenic acid (10 mg / Kg / day) for 21 days (Hunyadi et al., 2012).
The aim of the study achieved through evaluation of the some biochemical parameters including; glucose, C-peptide, liver function [alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gama glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and total protein], lipid profile [Triacylglycerol (TAG), Total cholesterol (TC), High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc) & low density lipoprotein-cholesterol LDLc] and some antioxidant markers {Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA) & protein carbonyl content (PCC)}. In addition SulphoRhodamine-B (SRB) assay was carried out to assess the cytotoxicity of the EEMO on proliferation of Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).
Results of the present study showed that:
• There was highly significant increase in ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities in diabetic untreated rats. While all other studied groups showed significant improve in these enzymes. On the other hand, the level of total protein was significantly decreased in diabetic group, and normalized in the other treated groups.
• There was marked increase in TAG, TC and LDLc, while HDL-c was found to be significantly decreased. Meanwhile, in other groups caused a significant improvement in the previous parameters.
• Fasting blood glucose was highly significant elevated, while C-peptide level was significantly decreased, in diabetic untreated rats. The treatment with the extract and its active ingredients significantly normalized the two parameters.
• In diabetic untreated group, there was a significant elevation in the level of malondialdehye and the protein carbonyl content, however a significant reduction was observed in the total antioxidant capacity. These changes were nearly normalized in the treated group.
• The in vitro cytotoxicity results of the extract and its active ingredients showed anti-proliferative activity against the (HepG2) & (MCF7) cell lines.
Various parts of M.O. such as leaves, roots, seeds, barks, fruits, flowers and immature pods contain phytochemicals that are considered useful supplements for treating various human diseases (Aja et al., 2013). Leaves of M.O. is the most important part because it contains alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, saponins, steroids, and tannins, which have therapeutic properties as antitumor, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antispasmodic, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antibacterial and antifungal activities (Asiedu-Gyekye et al., 2014).
The aim of present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-proliferation potential of an ethanolic extract of M. oleifera (EEMO) in diabetic rats with a view to providing information about three active phytoconstituents, (Moringinine, quercetin, and Chlorogenic acid), present in the plant leaf for the clinical treatment of diabetes.
This study include eighty five male Wistar albino rats, weighed about 180 - 200g, rats were purchased from Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (Helwan Farm). The animals were housed in separate screen bottom cages, maintained in a controlled environment under standard conditions. 10 healthy rats were selected as control. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate to overnight fasted 75 animals at a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight (Doss et al., 2009).
Rats in the present study were classified into the following groups:
Control-I: include 10 normal-healthy rats.
Group-II: include 15 diabetic rats that kept untreated.
Group-III: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with EEMO (150 mg / Kg / day) for 21 days (Gupta et al., 2012).
Group-IV: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with moringinine (3600 µmole / KG /day) for 21 days (Soltẻsz et al., 2010).
Group-V: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with quercetin (30 mg / Kg / day) for 21 days (Liang et al., 2011).
Group-VI: include 15 diabetic rats that were treated with chlorogenic acid (10 mg / Kg / day) for 21 days (Hunyadi et al., 2012).
The aim of the study achieved through evaluation of the some biochemical parameters including; glucose, C-peptide, liver function [alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gama glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and total protein], lipid profile [Triacylglycerol (TAG), Total cholesterol (TC), High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc) & low density lipoprotein-cholesterol LDLc] and some antioxidant markers {Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA) & protein carbonyl content (PCC)}. In addition SulphoRhodamine-B (SRB) assay was carried out to assess the cytotoxicity of the EEMO on proliferation of Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).
Results of the present study showed that:
• There was highly significant increase in ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities in diabetic untreated rats. While all other studied groups showed significant improve in these enzymes. On the other hand, the level of total protein was significantly decreased in diabetic group, and normalized in the other treated groups.
• There was marked increase in TAG, TC and LDLc, while HDL-c was found to be significantly decreased. Meanwhile, in other groups caused a significant improvement in the previous parameters.
• Fasting blood glucose was highly significant elevated, while C-peptide level was significantly decreased, in diabetic untreated rats. The treatment with the extract and its active ingredients significantly normalized the two parameters.
• In diabetic untreated group, there was a significant elevation in the level of malondialdehye and the protein carbonyl content, however a significant reduction was observed in the total antioxidant capacity. These changes were nearly normalized in the treated group.
• The in vitro cytotoxicity results of the extract and its active ingredients showed anti-proliferative activity against the (HepG2) & (MCF7) cell lines.
Other data
| Title | Evaluation of Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potential of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract | Other Titles | تقييم قدرة مستخلص ورقة المورينجا أوليفيرا كمضاد للسكري، وجهد الأكسدة، والإنقسام الخلوي | Authors | Rehab Reda Abdrabou | Issue Date | 2015 |
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