The relationship between tumor necrosis factor alpha and left ventricular diastolic function

Abstract

Inflammation is one of the earliest events in cardiac stress situations such as pressure and/or volume overload and involves elevated levels of endothelial adhesion molecules as well as increased production and release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the tissue. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a cell signaling protein involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines that make up the acute phase reaction and play an important role in the development of cardiac structural changes that can cause left ventricular diastolic dysfunction