STUDY OF PREPARATION OF ACTIVE CARBON FROM THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL WASTES
Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed El-Dessouky;
Abstract
Agricultural wastes represent a problem to the Egyptian environment. The literature review put suggestions to utilize these agricultural wastes via converting them to valuable inexpensive materials for several applications and activated carbon. Activated carbon prepared from these environmental wastes can be used for removing the pollution from air and water. At the same time we save hard currency for importing the activated carbon from outside.
The thesis described the methods of preparation of activated carbon from peach kernel (PK) and orange peel (OP) as examples of environmental wastes. The activated carbon was prepared either in one step or in two separate steps of carbonization and activation at 550 & 600 oC. The physical activation was performed by water vapor. The mechanism of adsorption varies from physical and chemical adsorptions. The Fruendlich and Langmuir equations were determined.
The yield of produced activated carbon for PK samples was 36.82 % at 550 oC and 15.30 % at 650 oC. The yield of produced activated carbon for OP samples was 29.18 % at 550 oC.
Characterizations are made for prepared activated carbons (ACs). The percentage moisture content varied from 2.94 - 10.50 %. Percentage volatile matter content varied from 42.51- 79.87 %. Percentage ash content varied from 0.490 to 10.651 %. Apparent density varied from 0.508 to 0.565 g/cm3. Pores volumes varied from 0.525 – 0.573 cm3/cm3. The iodine number for non-activated PK carbon samples were 254.80 - 344.90. The iodine number for activated PK carbon samples were 370.16 for granules and 507.60 for powder. The iodine number for orange peel activated carbon (OP AC) samples were 354.50 for granules and 520.50 for powder.
The surface areas by multi-point BET of PK were 26.009 and 40.277 m2/g for non-activated and activated respectively. The surface areas by one point BET of OP were 0.2708 and 0.3699 m2/g for non-activated and activatedrespectively.
SEM image of peach kernel activated carbon (PK AC) show that the surfaces are irregular in spherical shape with average diameter of (5-16) µm. Also macro pores also exist with diameters of greater than 50 µm. SEM image of OP AC showed the surface were irregular in spherical shape with average diameter of (18-42) µm for granules and some degree of porosity. The size of pores of powdered OP AC ( 9- 21) µm less than of granules (18-42) µm. There are also macro pores of diameters greater than 50 µm.
The thesis described the methods of preparation of activated carbon from peach kernel (PK) and orange peel (OP) as examples of environmental wastes. The activated carbon was prepared either in one step or in two separate steps of carbonization and activation at 550 & 600 oC. The physical activation was performed by water vapor. The mechanism of adsorption varies from physical and chemical adsorptions. The Fruendlich and Langmuir equations were determined.
The yield of produced activated carbon for PK samples was 36.82 % at 550 oC and 15.30 % at 650 oC. The yield of produced activated carbon for OP samples was 29.18 % at 550 oC.
Characterizations are made for prepared activated carbons (ACs). The percentage moisture content varied from 2.94 - 10.50 %. Percentage volatile matter content varied from 42.51- 79.87 %. Percentage ash content varied from 0.490 to 10.651 %. Apparent density varied from 0.508 to 0.565 g/cm3. Pores volumes varied from 0.525 – 0.573 cm3/cm3. The iodine number for non-activated PK carbon samples were 254.80 - 344.90. The iodine number for activated PK carbon samples were 370.16 for granules and 507.60 for powder. The iodine number for orange peel activated carbon (OP AC) samples were 354.50 for granules and 520.50 for powder.
The surface areas by multi-point BET of PK were 26.009 and 40.277 m2/g for non-activated and activated respectively. The surface areas by one point BET of OP were 0.2708 and 0.3699 m2/g for non-activated and activatedrespectively.
SEM image of peach kernel activated carbon (PK AC) show that the surfaces are irregular in spherical shape with average diameter of (5-16) µm. Also macro pores also exist with diameters of greater than 50 µm. SEM image of OP AC showed the surface were irregular in spherical shape with average diameter of (18-42) µm for granules and some degree of porosity. The size of pores of powdered OP AC ( 9- 21) µm less than of granules (18-42) µm. There are also macro pores of diameters greater than 50 µm.
Other data
| Title | STUDY OF PREPARATION OF ACTIVE CARBON FROM THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL WASTES | Other Titles | دراسة تحضير الفحم المنشط من المخلفات البيئية المحلية | Authors | Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed El-Dessouky | Issue Date | 2017 |
Recommend this item
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.