A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Acellular Dermal Graft versus Propylene Mesh Both Loaded with BM-MSCs in Healing of Skull Bone Defect in Adult Albino Rats

Abstract

Bone is a complex and highly organized mineralized tissue. When bone tissue is injured, dramatic changes occur in the quality of life of patients that frequently causes social and psychological problems. Bone has an intrinsic self-ability to regenerate, but over a large defect, it is difficult to be repaired.

Most previous studies have focused on treatment of bone defect using auto- or allografts. But unfortunately, they are associated with osteonecrosis and limited integration between graft and host tissue. Bone-tissue engineering has been emerged as an alternative. It depends mainly on two components; the implant material which acts as a scaffold for newly formed bone and stem cells seeded into this scaffold to promote new bone formation.

The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of ADM versus propylene mesh both loaded with BM-MSCs in healing of large skull bone defect in adult albino rats.

This study included 40 adult male albino rats. The experiment was conducted on 30 rats weighing 150- 200 gm. Their ages ranged from two to three months. Five rats of the same age and weight were used to obtain the dermal graft. In addition, five weaned male albino rats weighing 70-80 gm each and their ages around one month, were used for preparation of BM-MSCs. Rats were divided into three groups according to the way of filling skull bone defect.