Evaluation of the role of Nanoparticles from Costus speciosus extract to improve the antidiabetic effects against streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in albino rats
Ebtihal Faisal Oboud Alamoudi;
Abstract
The aims of the present investigation were designed to study
I. The normo-glycemic and hypolipidemic effects of nanoparticles of Costus speciosus root in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
II. Evaluate the DNA fragmentation and expression alterations of Insulin (I&II) and gluconeogenic genes in STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with Costus speciosus-NPs.
To perform this study diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared STZ (50 mg/kg bw) dissolved in 0.1M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) in a volume of 1 ml/kg bw.
Costus speciosus root collected from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia were dried to prepare the extract. The extract of Costus speciosus was collected and formation of encapsulated Costus speciosus Loaded Nanoparticles was prepared using poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA). Afterwards, transmission electron microscopy was used to test particle size and shape.
Six groups of streptozotocin diabetic rats (n=10) were administered orally with different doses of C.speciosus extract or NPs (50,100 and 150 mg/kg bw) for 30 days. A group diabetic rats were administered 10 unit insulin subcutaneously. Two groups of rats (n=10) served as normal and diabetic controls.
Blood samples from fasting rats were withdrawn. Serum was then separated for the estimation of glucose. At the end of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed and pancreas, liver and muscle tissues were used for biochemical analyses and DNA damage as well as gene expression determination were carried out.
Diabetic rats revealed extremely high levels of glucose compared with control rats. However, daily treatment of C. speciosus-NPs led to a dose dependent fall in serum glucose levels.
The activities of plasma enzymes AST, ALT, LDH, ALP and ACP significantly increased in diabetic rats when compared to normal controls. However, oral administration of C. speciosus or C. speciosus-NPs for 30 days significantly restored the enzyme levels to be near normal in diabetic rats. Moreover, the improvement impact of C. speciosus-NPs on plasma enzymes was more effectively compared to C. speciosus alone especially with the medium and high doses.
Treatment of male rats with STZ increased the DNA fragmentation rates compared with control rats. In contrary, treatment of DM-rats with different doses of Costus speciosus-E or Costus speciosus—NPS revealed significantly low rates of DNA fragmentation compared with DM-rats. Moreover, the protective action of C. speciosus-NPs on the DNA fragmentation was more effectively compared to C. speciosus alone especially with the medium and high doses.
The expression of diabetic-associated insulin (I & II) and gluconeogenic genes, in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with Costus speciosus-E and Costus speciosus-NPs was determined using RT-PCR.
The results revealed that DM-rats showed significantly lower expression values of pancreatic insulin 1 and II and muscle glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) genes in comparison with the control rats. While, DM-rats treated with low, medium and high doses of Costus speciosus-E or Costus speciosus-NPs caused significant increase in insulin I and II and GLUT4 expression as compared with the DM-rats. Furthermore, the highest expression levels of insulin I and II as well as GLUT4 genes were showed in DM-rats treated with the medium and high doses of Costus speciosus-NPs. In addition, treatment of DM-rats with insulin increased significantly the expression of insulin I and II and GLUT4 genes, however with low effect compared with Costus speciosus-NPs.
I. The normo-glycemic and hypolipidemic effects of nanoparticles of Costus speciosus root in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
II. Evaluate the DNA fragmentation and expression alterations of Insulin (I&II) and gluconeogenic genes in STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with Costus speciosus-NPs.
To perform this study diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared STZ (50 mg/kg bw) dissolved in 0.1M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) in a volume of 1 ml/kg bw.
Costus speciosus root collected from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia were dried to prepare the extract. The extract of Costus speciosus was collected and formation of encapsulated Costus speciosus Loaded Nanoparticles was prepared using poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA). Afterwards, transmission electron microscopy was used to test particle size and shape.
Six groups of streptozotocin diabetic rats (n=10) were administered orally with different doses of C.speciosus extract or NPs (50,100 and 150 mg/kg bw) for 30 days. A group diabetic rats were administered 10 unit insulin subcutaneously. Two groups of rats (n=10) served as normal and diabetic controls.
Blood samples from fasting rats were withdrawn. Serum was then separated for the estimation of glucose. At the end of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed and pancreas, liver and muscle tissues were used for biochemical analyses and DNA damage as well as gene expression determination were carried out.
Diabetic rats revealed extremely high levels of glucose compared with control rats. However, daily treatment of C. speciosus-NPs led to a dose dependent fall in serum glucose levels.
The activities of plasma enzymes AST, ALT, LDH, ALP and ACP significantly increased in diabetic rats when compared to normal controls. However, oral administration of C. speciosus or C. speciosus-NPs for 30 days significantly restored the enzyme levels to be near normal in diabetic rats. Moreover, the improvement impact of C. speciosus-NPs on plasma enzymes was more effectively compared to C. speciosus alone especially with the medium and high doses.
Treatment of male rats with STZ increased the DNA fragmentation rates compared with control rats. In contrary, treatment of DM-rats with different doses of Costus speciosus-E or Costus speciosus—NPS revealed significantly low rates of DNA fragmentation compared with DM-rats. Moreover, the protective action of C. speciosus-NPs on the DNA fragmentation was more effectively compared to C. speciosus alone especially with the medium and high doses.
The expression of diabetic-associated insulin (I & II) and gluconeogenic genes, in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with Costus speciosus-E and Costus speciosus-NPs was determined using RT-PCR.
The results revealed that DM-rats showed significantly lower expression values of pancreatic insulin 1 and II and muscle glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) genes in comparison with the control rats. While, DM-rats treated with low, medium and high doses of Costus speciosus-E or Costus speciosus-NPs caused significant increase in insulin I and II and GLUT4 expression as compared with the DM-rats. Furthermore, the highest expression levels of insulin I and II as well as GLUT4 genes were showed in DM-rats treated with the medium and high doses of Costus speciosus-NPs. In addition, treatment of DM-rats with insulin increased significantly the expression of insulin I and II and GLUT4 genes, however with low effect compared with Costus speciosus-NPs.
Other data
| Title | Evaluation of the role of Nanoparticles from Costus speciosus extract to improve the antidiabetic effects against streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in albino rats | Other Titles | تقييم دور جزيئات النانو من مستخلص نبات الكوستسلتحسين الآثار المقاومة لمرض السكر ضد عقار الستربتوزوتوسين المحدث لمرض السكر فى الجرذان البيضاء | Authors | Ebtihal Faisal Oboud Alamoudi | Issue Date | 2015 |
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