Recent Treatment of Motor Speech Disorders

Abstract

Speech is the final expresssion of concepts and emotions translated through linguistic pathways that involve lexical, syntactic, phonological, phonetic and prosody stages. While, Language is a human system of communication that uses arbitrary signals, Such as voice, sounds, gestures, or written symbols, The study of language is called linguistics. Motor speech disorders include: Dysarthria, Apraxia or Dyspraxia of speech, Developmental apraxia of speech, stuttering and Cluttering. Dysarthria is a motor-speech disorder. It causes the inability to coordinate or control the muscles in the face, mouth, and respiratory system. It usually occurs when a brain injury causes the muscles to become weak or immobile. People with dysarthria can’t control the muscles used to make normal sounds. Speech becomes slow or slurred. It becomes difficult for others to understand what the person is trying to say. Dysarthria can affect many aspects of speech. Patient may lose the ability to pronounce sounds correctly or speak at a normal level. Patient may also be unable to control the quality, intonation, and pace at which he speaks. Individual speech difficulties will vary depending on the location and severity of the brain injury, Dysarthria may be the result of a brain damage, Dysarthria may result from damage to the nerves that supply the muscles of articulation, or to the muscles themselves, Dysarthria may be caused by diseases that affect nerves and muscles (neuromuscular diseases).