Recent Advances in the Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation In Acute Respiratory Failure.
Nesrin Nageh Habib;
Abstract
Patients in respiratory distress are among the most frustrating, frightening, and challenging patients seen in the emergency department. They arrive with a state of severe anxiety, intense physical effort, Altered mental status, Evidence of increased work of breathing, Bradypnea, Cyanosis of mucosal membranes (tongue, mouth) or nail beds, Diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypertension and other signs of catecholamine release (manifestations of acute respiratory failure).
Respiratory Failure is not a disease per se but a consequence of the problems that interfere with the ability to breathe. The term refers to the inability to perform adequately the fundamental functions of respiration: to deliver oxygen to the blood and to eliminate carbon dioxide from it.
Oxygen supplementation is a corner stone in patient management, oxygen therapy provides a mechanism to increase inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2) to treat the symptoms and manifestations of hypoxia. A variety of oxygen delivery devices are employed for this purpose.
Non Invasive Ventilation (NIV) has been shown to be an effective treatment for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF), particularly in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Facilities for NIV should be available 24 hours per day in all hospitals likely to admit such patients.
A selection of different sizes of interfaces should be available for NIV. Selection of a comfortable interface that fits properly is a key issue for the success of NIV, both nasal and full-face masks have been used successfully for NIV in AHRF. Many different types of ventilator have been used successfully to provide NIV in AHRF and If possible, a single model of ventilator should be used in any one clinical area for ease of training and familiarity of staff with the equipment.
Arterial blood gas tensions improve rapidly in many patients with AHRF when they receive maximum medical treatment and appropriate supplementary oxygen. A repeat sample should usually be taken after a short interval to see if NIV is still indicated.
Respiratory Failure is not a disease per se but a consequence of the problems that interfere with the ability to breathe. The term refers to the inability to perform adequately the fundamental functions of respiration: to deliver oxygen to the blood and to eliminate carbon dioxide from it.
Oxygen supplementation is a corner stone in patient management, oxygen therapy provides a mechanism to increase inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2) to treat the symptoms and manifestations of hypoxia. A variety of oxygen delivery devices are employed for this purpose.
Non Invasive Ventilation (NIV) has been shown to be an effective treatment for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF), particularly in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Facilities for NIV should be available 24 hours per day in all hospitals likely to admit such patients.
A selection of different sizes of interfaces should be available for NIV. Selection of a comfortable interface that fits properly is a key issue for the success of NIV, both nasal and full-face masks have been used successfully for NIV in AHRF. Many different types of ventilator have been used successfully to provide NIV in AHRF and If possible, a single model of ventilator should be used in any one clinical area for ease of training and familiarity of staff with the equipment.
Arterial blood gas tensions improve rapidly in many patients with AHRF when they receive maximum medical treatment and appropriate supplementary oxygen. A repeat sample should usually be taken after a short interval to see if NIV is still indicated.
Other data
| Title | Recent Advances in the Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation In Acute Respiratory Failure. | Other Titles | المستجدات الحديثة في دور التهوية اللاتداخلية في القصور التنفسي الحاد. | Authors | Nesrin Nageh Habib | Issue Date | 2014 |
Recommend this item
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.