The Toxicity Profile and Side Effects of Capecitabine vs. Fluorouracil with Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer
Gawhara Effat Tawfic Rashwan;
Abstract
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
C
olorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In 2016, an estimated 39, 220 new cases of rectal cancer will occur in the United States (23, 110 cases in men; 16, 110 cases in women). During the same year, it is estimated that 49, 190 people will die from rectal and colon cancer combined (Siegel et al., 2016).
Surgery is the cornerstone of curative therapy for patients with resectable rectal adenocarcinoma. The operative procedure selected depends upon stage, size, and location. Superficial (T0/T1) and small (<3 cm) cancers may be effectively managed with limited surgery, such as local excision. However, most patients have more deeply invasive tumors that require a sphincter-sparing procedure or abdominoperineal resection (APR). Locally advanced tumors that are adherent or fixed to adjoining structures (eg, sacrum, pelvic sidewalls, prostate, or bladder) require a more extensive resection (McCourt et al., 2009).
Combined modality therapy may be administered preoperatively (neoadjuvant therapy). This approach results in a more favorable long-term toxicity profile and better local control. Upfront chemoradiotherapy also enhance the ability to perform sphincter preservation in some patients with low-lying rectal cancers (David et al., 2013).
C
olorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In 2016, an estimated 39, 220 new cases of rectal cancer will occur in the United States (23, 110 cases in men; 16, 110 cases in women). During the same year, it is estimated that 49, 190 people will die from rectal and colon cancer combined (Siegel et al., 2016).
Surgery is the cornerstone of curative therapy for patients with resectable rectal adenocarcinoma. The operative procedure selected depends upon stage, size, and location. Superficial (T0/T1) and small (<3 cm) cancers may be effectively managed with limited surgery, such as local excision. However, most patients have more deeply invasive tumors that require a sphincter-sparing procedure or abdominoperineal resection (APR). Locally advanced tumors that are adherent or fixed to adjoining structures (eg, sacrum, pelvic sidewalls, prostate, or bladder) require a more extensive resection (McCourt et al., 2009).
Combined modality therapy may be administered preoperatively (neoadjuvant therapy). This approach results in a more favorable long-term toxicity profile and better local control. Upfront chemoradiotherapy also enhance the ability to perform sphincter preservation in some patients with low-lying rectal cancers (David et al., 2013).
Other data
| Title | The Toxicity Profile and Side Effects of Capecitabine vs. Fluorouracil with Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer | Other Titles | الآثار الجانبية و السمية لعقار الكابسيتابين مقابل الفلورويوراسيل بجانب العلاج الإشعاعي لمرضى سرطان المستقيم | Authors | Gawhara Effat Tawfic Rashwan | Issue Date | 2017 |
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