The Relation Among Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Spirometry in COPD Patients.
Mohammed Abd El Monem Mohammed;
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease with some significant extra pulmonary effects that may contribute to the severity in individual patients. Its pulmonary component is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases (GOLD, 2013).
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Many people suffer from this disease for years and die prematurely from it or its complications. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the world, and further increases in its prevalence and mortality can be predicted in the coming decades (GOLD, 2013).
Spirometry is a physiological test that measures how an individual inhales or exhales volumes of air in a fraction of time. The primary signal measured in spirometry may be volume or flow. It is capable of measuring all lung volumes and capacities except RV, FRC, and TLC (Miller et al., 2005).
Obesity is becoming more and more prevalent in the world and has many recognized impacts on different body systems. Of particular interest to us is the impact of obesity on respiratory function in general and more specifically in COPD patients as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is very common and affects different systems but mainly the respiratory system (National Institutes of Health, 1998).
The major respiratory complications of obesity include a heightened demand for ventilation, elevated work of breathing, respiratory muscle inefficiency and diminished respiratory compliance. The decreased functional residual capacity and expiratory reserve volume are associated with the closure of peripheral lung units (Parameswaran et al., 2006).
Waist circumference was negatively associated with forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second, and the associations were consistent across sex, age, and BMI categories (Chen et al., 2007).
The diaphragm is the major respiratory muscle, contributing to 75% of resting lung ventilation, with an excursion of 1–2 cm. During forced breathing, its excursion reaches 7–11 cm (Yamaguti et al., 2007).
Several studies agree that the effect of weight gain on lung function is greater in men than in women, probably due to gender-related differences in fat distribution (i.e., the mechanical effect of central fat distribution on the diaphragm in men). The mechanical effects of truncal obesity partly explain the reductions in chest wall compliance, respiratory muscle strength and function, lung volumes and peripheral airway size found in obese individuals (Sugerman et al., 1997).
Aim of the Work
The aim of this work is to study the relation among body mass index, waist circumference and Spirometry
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Many people suffer from this disease for years and die prematurely from it or its complications. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the world, and further increases in its prevalence and mortality can be predicted in the coming decades (GOLD, 2013).
Spirometry is a physiological test that measures how an individual inhales or exhales volumes of air in a fraction of time. The primary signal measured in spirometry may be volume or flow. It is capable of measuring all lung volumes and capacities except RV, FRC, and TLC (Miller et al., 2005).
Obesity is becoming more and more prevalent in the world and has many recognized impacts on different body systems. Of particular interest to us is the impact of obesity on respiratory function in general and more specifically in COPD patients as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is very common and affects different systems but mainly the respiratory system (National Institutes of Health, 1998).
The major respiratory complications of obesity include a heightened demand for ventilation, elevated work of breathing, respiratory muscle inefficiency and diminished respiratory compliance. The decreased functional residual capacity and expiratory reserve volume are associated with the closure of peripheral lung units (Parameswaran et al., 2006).
Waist circumference was negatively associated with forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second, and the associations were consistent across sex, age, and BMI categories (Chen et al., 2007).
The diaphragm is the major respiratory muscle, contributing to 75% of resting lung ventilation, with an excursion of 1–2 cm. During forced breathing, its excursion reaches 7–11 cm (Yamaguti et al., 2007).
Several studies agree that the effect of weight gain on lung function is greater in men than in women, probably due to gender-related differences in fat distribution (i.e., the mechanical effect of central fat distribution on the diaphragm in men). The mechanical effects of truncal obesity partly explain the reductions in chest wall compliance, respiratory muscle strength and function, lung volumes and peripheral airway size found in obese individuals (Sugerman et al., 1997).
Aim of the Work
The aim of this work is to study the relation among body mass index, waist circumference and Spirometry
Other data
| Title | The Relation Among Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Spirometry in COPD Patients. | Other Titles | العلاقة بين معامل كتلة الجسم و محيط الخصر ووظائف التنفس فى مرضى السدة الرئوية المزمنة | Authors | Mohammed Abd El Monem Mohammed | Issue Date | 2013 |
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