Intrathecal Heavy Bupivacaine Versus Pethidine Versus Their Combination in Spinal Anesthesia for Intraoperative Anesthesia & Postoperative Analgesia in Lower Limb Surgery

Abstract

Effective postoperative pain control is an essential component of the care of the surgical patient. Inadequate pain control, apart from being inhumane, may result in increased morbidity or mortality. The advantages of effective postoperative pain management include patient comfort and therefore satisfaction, earlier mobilization, fewer pulmonary and cardiac complications, a reduced risk of DVT, faster recovery with less likelihood of the development of neuropathic pain, and reduced cost of care. The failure to provide good postoperative analgesia is multifactorial. Insufficient education, fear of complications associated with analgesic drugs, poor pain assessment, and inadequate staffing are among its causes. The use of pethidine in intrathecal anesthesia has become popular to optimize postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the