Assessment of vitamin D in Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders that affect about 5.3–7.1 percent of children and adolescents. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) of the American Psychiatric Association (APA), three basic forms of ADHD are described. They are predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive, and combined. There is no biological marker for ADHD. Clinical diagnosis is established according to the criteria listed in DSM-V. A causal relationship between micronutrient deficiencies and suboptimal brain function would have major public health implications. A large body of research suggests that an inadequate dietary supply of any of a number of essential micronutrients such as vitamin D can adversely affect brain function. In recent studies, a low level of vitamin D has been found in association with many disorders as well as in neuropsychiatric diseases. This vitamin is not only involved in bone metabolism and s