HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF CADMIUM CHLORIDE ON SOME MAMMALIAN ORGANS

Abstract

Cadmium is one of the important heavy metals which does not occur naturally uncombined. It is a wide spread industrial product responsible for acute and chronic poisoning in human and animals. It can contaminate air, drinking water and food by pesticides galvanized pipes, cigarette smoking, fertilization, oil and wood consumption as well as many other sources. Cadmium has no beneficial biological functions in humans and is not normally found in body fluids and tissues. Many researchers have reported that Cd induces determinal effects on metabolism in a variety of tissues resulting in nephropathy, liver damage, bony lesions, cardiovascular diseases, emphysematous changes in the lung ..etc. On the other hand, many studies revealed that cadmium is one of the important chemical carcinogen to human as well as animals. Hence, the present work was carried out to follow up the histopathological and histochemical changes in the liver and kidney of rats as well as the chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells which might be induced as a consequence of chronic cadmium exposing. This trend aims principally to illustrate and evaluate any possible deleterious and carcinogenic effects of this heavy metal. Furthermore, the recovery signs from the possible toxic effects of this heavy metal have been studied after its withdrawal or abstainance. In the preliminary experiments the LD50 of CdCI2 for subcutaneous route of administration was determined using 40 rats and it has been equal approximately 20 mgt kg. body weight.