Investigating the Relationship between Estrogen and Short Stature among Young Females in Gaza

Abstract

Early identification of short stature patients is of great importance for proper and effective treatment. The association between short stature and many serious diseases such as CVD, cancer, stroke and Alzheimer makes diagnosis and treatment even more important. Short stature is affected by many hormones and other factors. Estrogen is the sex steroid of crucial importance in both sexes regarding growth acceleration and eventually fusion of the growth plates. The growth hormone-insulin like growth factor (GH-IGF) axis plays a crucial role in the regulation of growth. Although initially, it was considered to be a mediator of GH actions, IGF axis has been established as an independent endocrine system with wide array of actions. IGF-based investigations (IGF1 and IGF binding protein 3) are now replacing GH-based investigations for evaluation and monitoring of disorders of growth. Children with GH deficiency typically have low blood levels of IGF-1. The present work aimed to establish a platform for easy identification of short stature through surveying as many as 25 different parameters in short stature young females in Gaza. • There was a significant decrease in height, weight, FSH, GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in case girls as compared to control girls. • There was a significant increase in serum ALT and ALP activity in case girls as compared to control girls. • There was a significant correlation between each of the following pairs in cases; (estradiol and progesterone), (estradiol and GH), (estradiol and triacylglycerols), (stature and insulin), (ghrelin and each of the following; insulin, IGF-1 and ALP activity), (osteocalcin and FSH), (osteocalcin and activities of ALT and ALP), (prolactin and insulin), (prolactin and LDL-C), (atherogenic index 2 and ALP activity), (LH and FSH), (LH and cholesterol), (FSH and both HDL-C and calcium), (progesterone and each of the following; AST and ALP activities and phosphorus), (GH and TSH), (IGF-1 and ALT activity and phosphorus), (IGFBP-3 and ALP activity), (TSH and both triacylglycerols and ALT activity), (insulin and both phosphorus and magnesium), (cholesterol and each of the following; triacylglycerols, HDL-C, LDL-C and atherogenic indices and magnesium and ALT activity), (triacylglycerols and both atherogenic index 1 and ALT activity), (HDL-C and atherogenic indices), (LDL-C and each of the following; atherogenic indices, ALT activity and magnesium), (atherogenic index 1 and both atherogenic index 2, ALT activity), (atherogenic index 2 and both AST, ALT activities), (AST and both ALT and ALP activities) and (ALT and both phosphorus and magnesium), (calcium and magnesium).

• There was a significant correlation between each of the following pairs in control girls; (estradiol and both ALT activity and phosphorus), (ghrelin and insulin), (ghrelin and triacylglycerols), (prolactin and FSH), (LH and both progesterone and TSH), (LH and triacylglycerols), (IGF-1 and ALP activity), (IGFBP-3 and insulin), (Insulin and both serum glucose and HDL-C), (cholesterol and each of the following; HDL-C, LDL-C and atherogenic indices), (triacylglycerols and both atherogenic index 1 and ALT activity), (HDL-C and each of the following; atherogenic indices, ALP activity and calcium), (LDL-C and both atherogenic indices and ALT activity), (atherogenic index 1 and both atherogenic index 2 and calcium), (AST and both ALT activity and phosphorus), (ALT and phosphorus) and (ALP and calcium).