Effects of Bilateral Jugular Vein Ligation on the Structure and Histochemistry of the Brain in Albino Rat
Maha Moustafa Ahmed Zakaria;
Abstract
CCSVI is a series of stenotic malformations in the cerebrospinal venous outflow routes that is postulated to cause MS. The hypotheses assumed that CCSVI leads to iron deposition and iron deposits are suggested to be the triggering factor for inflammation and demyelination in MS. This cause-result association has never been tested. The present study was designed to validate this hypothesis by using a rat model of CCSVI.
Thirty female albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into two groups. The first group was subjected to bilateral external jugular vein ligation, the second group was sham-operated. The rats were followed clinically for eight months to assess the development of neurological manifestations. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed and the brains were processed for: histological examinations using; Haematoxylin and Eosin, silver impregnation and toluidine blue for semithin sections, special stains for iron and myelin and immunohistochemical localization of GFAP, CD68 and CD45 antibodies. The results were analyzed using image analysis techniques and statistical analysis was performed.
Results of the present study revealed increased iron deposition in the white matter of the brains of the JVL group. Increase in the size and number of astrocytes was observed together with an increased immunoreactivity for GFAP. Mild edema and widening of perivascular space were detected as well.
However, no signs of demyelination, inflammation or axonopathy were detected in the present study. Normal pattern of myelin was observed by luxol fast blue stain and in semithin sections. No activated microglia or lymphocytes were detected by CD68 and CD45 successively. Silver stains showed no affection in the axons in the JVL group. Neurological examination was in accordance with the histological studies with no weakness or paralysis observed in the operated rats. The rats exhibited a normal rightening reflex.
In conclusion, the present study showed that iron deposition in the JVL group as a model for CCSVI was not associated with histopathalogical findings typically found in MS, it was therefore recommended that the invasive endovascular treatment of CCSVI should be reconsidered and further controlled clinical studies be carried out to provide a better understanding of the pathogeneses of MS.
Thirty female albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into two groups. The first group was subjected to bilateral external jugular vein ligation, the second group was sham-operated. The rats were followed clinically for eight months to assess the development of neurological manifestations. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed and the brains were processed for: histological examinations using; Haematoxylin and Eosin, silver impregnation and toluidine blue for semithin sections, special stains for iron and myelin and immunohistochemical localization of GFAP, CD68 and CD45 antibodies. The results were analyzed using image analysis techniques and statistical analysis was performed.
Results of the present study revealed increased iron deposition in the white matter of the brains of the JVL group. Increase in the size and number of astrocytes was observed together with an increased immunoreactivity for GFAP. Mild edema and widening of perivascular space were detected as well.
However, no signs of demyelination, inflammation or axonopathy were detected in the present study. Normal pattern of myelin was observed by luxol fast blue stain and in semithin sections. No activated microglia or lymphocytes were detected by CD68 and CD45 successively. Silver stains showed no affection in the axons in the JVL group. Neurological examination was in accordance with the histological studies with no weakness or paralysis observed in the operated rats. The rats exhibited a normal rightening reflex.
In conclusion, the present study showed that iron deposition in the JVL group as a model for CCSVI was not associated with histopathalogical findings typically found in MS, it was therefore recommended that the invasive endovascular treatment of CCSVI should be reconsidered and further controlled clinical studies be carried out to provide a better understanding of the pathogeneses of MS.
Other data
| Title | Effects of Bilateral Jugular Vein Ligation on the Structure and Histochemistry of the Brain in Albino Rat | Other Titles | تأثير ربط الوريد الودجى على الجهتين فى الفئران البيضاء على تركيب الدماغ و كيميائه النسيجية | Authors | Maha Moustafa Ahmed Zakaria | Issue Date | 2015 |
Recommend this item
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.