Physico-chemical studies for water resources at Atfih area, Giza-governorate, Egypt

Abstract

Atfih area is one of Giza Governorate centers; it is located on the eastern bank of the River Nile. People in Atfih area is suffering from pollution of drinking water. Atfih area lies nearly 70km to the southeast of Cairo along the eastern side of the Nile River between latitudes 29o 23\ and 29o 37\ N, and longitudes 31o 15\ and 31o 25\ E. It is bounded by El Saff city to the North, El Kuraimat city to the South, El Saff canal for wastewater to the East and Nile River to the West. This thesis aimed to detect the pollutants in the water resources (surface water and groundwater) and their impact on human health as well as evaluate these water resources for different purposes at Atfih area which occupies the southern portion of Giza governorate. This thesis includes five chapters; introduction, materials and methods, water chemistry, water pollution and evaluation of surface water and groundwater for different purposes. Chapter I; includes the location of the study area, climatic condition, Previous works and impact of polluted water on human health. Chapter II; includes filed work in which we collect fifty water samples (surface water and groundwater), laboratory works in which all collected samples are analyzed chemically and bacteriologically and finally office work. Chapter III; in this chapter we discussed total dissolved solid for surface water and groundwater samples and we found that surface water samples (Nile River, and El Kashab and Masjid M