Development and Application of Modern Analytical Techniques for the Quantitative Determination of Some Anthelmintic Drugs

Abstract

This thesis is concerned with the analysis of four veterinary anthelmintic drugs; two anti-nematodal drugs namely Levamisole HCl and Fenbendazole and two anti-trematodal drugs namely Closantel Sodium and Rafoxanide. The aim of this thesis was to develop validated methods that are simple, accurate, rapid, and sensitive for the quantitative determination of the studied drugs in mixture in their pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. The thesis comprises six parts and ends with general discussion, references and Arabic summary. Part One: Introduction and literature review This part comprises two sections: Section A: General introduction In this section a brief introduction to anthelmintic drugs is presented including: their definition, classification, and mechanism of their pharmacological action. Section B: Literature review This section includes a detailed presentation of Levamisole HCl, Closantel Sodium, Fenbendazole and Rafoxanide including their chemical structures, physicochemical properties and pharmacology. Also includes a review on different methods and techniques used for estimation of the studied drugs in their pure forms, pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. Part Two: TLC-densitometric Methods for Determination of Levamisole HCl, Closantel Sodium, Fenbendazole and Rafoxanide This part is divided into two sections: Section A: TLC–densitometric Chromatographic Method for simultaneous determination of Levamisole HCl and Closantel Sodium The method was based on TLC separation of Levamisole HCl and Closantel Sodium mixture followed by densitometric measurement of the intact drug spots at 240 nm. The separation was carried out on aluminum TLC plates with 0.2 mm thickness silica gel 60 F254 using n-butyl acetate:methanol:ammonia 13.5M (10:1:0.1, by volume) as a developing system.