EFFECT OF USING NASAL CANNULA VERSUS OXYGEN FACE MASK AFTER EXTUBATION IN OPEN HEART SURGERY PATIENTS ON THE OCCURRENCE OF RESPIRATORY COMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Oxygen is an ideal therapeutic agent as it easy to administer, ox:rgen therapy is often used in emergency and critical care units. Patients are intubated after cardiothoracic surgery and require supplemental oxygen therapy during the period of mechanical ventilation. After extubation patient continue to require supplemental oxygen therapy, all patients were given oxygen via face mask or nasal cannula. Many patients could safely be given oxygen via nasal cannula immediately after extubation.

Therefore , the aim of this study is to determine the effect of using nasal cannula versus oxygen face mask after extubation in open heart surgery c n the occurrence of respiratory complication, A quasi experimental design was w;ed to conduct this research. This study was carried out at post operative care unit of Assiut Main University Hospital.

The sample of this study consisted of two groups Gl (stud group) 25 patients received oxygen via nasal cannula and Gil (control group) 25patien1 received oxygen via face mask. One tool was used in this study ,it consisted of thn:e parts,partl which included the patient profile, and preoperative data of patient ,part II that included patient's clinical assessment before and after extubation from mechanical ventilation, part III was used to evaluate method of oxygen therapy after extul:: ation (comparison of two methods), which included ABG within(30and 60 min),and induded assessment of signs an symptoms of complication in second day of operation after using method of oxygen therapy. The main result It was observed that the nasal cannula in (study group) is better than face mask which is used after extubation in open heart patients. Characteristics of open heart surgery extubated patients in both groups. As regard sex, 64%of the studied patients in Gl were male but in Gil about 52%of patients were female. As regards medical diagnosis, 64% of studied patient in Gl \\ere have RHD, but in Gil about 43% were have RHD also. As regard type of operation., 32%ofpatient in Gl were have CABG and mitral replacement also about 36%of patient in Gil having CABG. As regards time from extubation was highly significant difference in G1. Post operative assessment before and after extubation, it was observed no significance difference between two groups.

Comparison between the two groups about arterial blood gas within 30and 60minute ,as regard ABG in 30 min after extubation ,it was noticed that were no significant difference between G1and Gil for PH,PaC02,and Pa02 ,but there was a significant difference between Gland Gil for Sa02 ,HC03.As regard ABG in 60min a significant difference between the two groups for PaC02,Pa02 and HC03 . Post operative complication after extubation in both group:;, it was noticed that no complications in Gl of any patient, while the incidence of corr,plications increased in Gil (face mask) with highly significant difference between the two groups.