A Comparative Study of the effect of Chamomile and Triamcinolone Acetonide on Chemically Induced Ulcer in the Rabbit Labial Mucosa (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible anti-ulcer effect of Chamomile in comparison with Triamcinolone Acetonideon the labial mucosa of Newzelandrabbits where ulcer was induced by acetic acid. Materials and methods:oral mucosal labial ulcer were induced by 50% acetic acid in forty two male Newzeland rabbits weighing approximately 1Kg.Rabbitswere divided into three groups24 hours after ulcer induction: theUntreated group where ulcers were left untreated, the Chamomilegroup where Chamomile was topically applied to the ulcer twice daily andthe Triamcinolone Acetonide groups whereTriamcinoloneAcetonide was applied to the ulcer twice daily. All groups were subdivided to besacrificed 2 and 7 days after ulcer induction.The labial mucosa from the ulcer area together with its margin was excised and prepared for histological examination and immunohistochemical analysis using mouse anti–proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).Results:Examination of H &E stained sections of rabbit's labial mucosa of both groupIA(Untreated 2 days) and groupIIA(Chamomile 2 days)revealed marked discontinuity of the covering epithelium with the presence of inflammatory cells infiltration in the underlying lamina propria of the ulcerated area, whilein groupIIIA(Triamcinolone Acetonide 2days) revealed partial reepithelializationof basal and suprabasal cell layers of the ulcerated area. GroupIB(Untreated 7days) revealed incomplete reepithelializationof the ulcerated area.GroupIIB( Chamomile 7 days ) showed complete reepithelializationwith well-arranged epithelial layers and short rete pegs.Meanwhile, group IIIB(Triamcinolone Acetonide 7 days) revealed complete reepithelialization with mild folding of the rete pegs, the epithelial layers appeared to be disorganized and didn't completely restore the normal arrangement.Statistical analysis for the number of the PCNA positive cells revealed insignificant difference between Untreated group and treated groups(Chamomile and Triamcinolone Acetonide ) at 2 days, significant difference between Untreated group and treated groups(Chamomile and Triamcinolone Acetonide )at 7 days while showed insignificant difference between Chamomile group and Triamcinolone Acetonide group at 2 &7 days. Conclusions:Treatment of acetic acid induced ulcer with Chamomile was almost comparable to Triamcinolone Acetonidein accelerating the healing process of the oral ulcer 7 days after ulcer induction.