Pediatric Vaccines: Before, Now, Then

Abstract

Vaccines are defined as immunogenic preparations of a pathogen that evoke an Immune response without causing disease. While attenuation and inactivation of pathogens are conventional approaches, and are still used, modern vaccines also exploit recent developments in immunology, genomic, bioinformatics, and structural and protein chemistry (Morrow & Sheikh, 2012). Vaccination is basically used as a form of immunoprophylaxis, such that the administration of the vaccine, even a long times prior to exposure to the Wild-type infectious agent, providing protection. In view of the short life span of the effectors T and B cells, Immunological memory appears to be aprime requisite of a vaccine. Immunologic memory must be relied on to provide long-lasting, even life time protection(Kurstak, 2013).