Value of Beta Trace Protein as Early Predictor of Diabetic Nephropathy In Type2 DM

Abstract

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a clinical syndrome which follows a characteristic clinical course after the onset of diabetes, first manifested by microalbuminuria (at least two abnormal urine specimens in a period of 3 to 6 months), then clinical proteinuria, hypertension, and decrease in an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). (NKF., 2015) Increased excretion of albumin into the urine is a key feature of DKD, and its assessment is considered an early marker predicting the onset and progression of DKD. (NKF, 2014)

There are limitations in using albuminuria as a marker of DKD as patients may experience GFR loss without deterioration in albuminuria and even normoalbuminuria. (Perkins et al., 2010)

Beta trace protein (BTP), known as lipocalin prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS), is a LMW glycoprotein and is considered an emerging marker of GFR. (Rebholz et al., 2017)

Beta Trace Protein (BTP) has been within the view as an encouraging marker of eGFR introducing a more sensitive marker for mild renal impairment than Serum Creatinine. In such manner, BTP has been expected as an alternative marker to Cystatin C for assessment of renal function. (Orenes-Piñero et al., 2013)