Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis with Special Reference to the Present Status in Egypt

Abstract

use of costly second-line drugs with a significant potential for toxicity

Drug-resistance in Tuberculosis is a phenomenon that is threatening the stabilization of global Tuberculosis (TB) control. It is a worldwide problem, being present virtually in all countries that were surveyed. According to current World Health Organization and the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease estimates, the median prevalence of MDR-TB has been I .I% in newly diagnosed patients. The proportion, however, is considerably higher (median prevalence: 7%) in patients who have previously received anti-TB treatment. While host genetic factors may contribute to the development of drug resistance, incomplete and inadequate treatment is the most important tactor leading to its development, suggesting that it is often a man made tragedy. Efficiently run TB control programs based on a policy of directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS), are essential for preventing the emergence of drug resistance in TB. The management is a challenge that should be undertaken by experienced clinicians at centers equipped with reliable laboratory services tbr mycobacterial cultures and in vitro sensitivity testing as it requires prolonged