Assessment of level of IVS1 −397T>C Estrogen Receptor α Polymorphism and its relation to levels of FSH and LH in Egyptian girls with Type 1 Diabetes mellitus

Abstract

SUMMARY T ype 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is considered as the most common metabolic childhood disease. Genetic variants associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus provide either susceptibility to or protection from the disease within a given environmental background. The aim of the current study was designed to assess level of IVS1 −397T>C Estrogen Receptor α polymorphism and its relation to level of FSH and LH in young girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 40 young regularly menstruating girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus were recruited from the Paediatric Diabetes Clinic, Children's hospital, Ain Shams University in the interval from April, 2015 to November, 2015. Their age ranged 11.54 - 17.93 years with mean age 15.44 years. All patients were subjected to a detailed medical history, physical examination, anthropometric measurments, pubertal assessment, investigation from previous follow up records (last RBS, last FBS, mean FBS in the last 6 months, last HbA1C, mean annual HbA1C and microalbuminuria), and measurements of IVS1-397T>C estrogen receptor alpha genotypes, FSH and LH. The patients were subdivided according to IVS1-397T>C estrogen receptor alpha genotypes into 3 groups: CC, TC, and TT group. The study revealed:  There was no statistically significant difference between IVS1-397T>C estrogen receptor alpha genotypes regarding FSH (p=0.706) or LH (p=0.187).  The TC genotype was the most prevalent genotype in the patients of the study.  There was significant difference between CC genotype patients and TT genotype patients as regard the age being higher in CC genotype patients.  The TT genotype patients had a younger age of onset of T1DM, whereas patients with TC genotype had older age of onset of T1DM.  The TT genotype patients had a longer T1DM duration than CC and TC genotype patients.  The prevalence of obesity was less among CC genotype patients than TC and TT genotype patients, and there was a significant difference between CC genotype patients and TC genotype patients as regard prevalence of obesity being higher in TC genotype patients.  The prevalence of systolic HTN was higher among TT genotype patients than CC and TC genotype patients, while the prevalence of diastolic HTN was higher among CC genotype patients than TC and TT genotype patients.  The CC genotype patients had the best control of all following parameters (last RBS, last FBS, mean FBS in last 6 months, last HbA1C, and mean annual HbA1C) when compared to their TC and TT genotype bearing counterparts.  The prevalence of microalbuminuria was less common among CC genotype patients than TC and TT genotype patients, without any significant difference between the three groups.