Serum soluble vascular Adhesion Molecules and highly Sensitive C - reactive protein in Elderly Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

T 2DM is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia, particularly in older individuals. Previous studies have shown decrements in memory function, executive function, and information-processing speed. These decrements in cognitive functioning are associated with modest brain atrophy and vascular lesions on brain. Diabetes-related factors, such as insulin resistance, chronic hyperglycemia, hypertension, and lipid disorders probably are relevant determinants. Studies showed a strong negative correlation between the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and cognitive function in elderly patients above the age of 60 years. Levels of sVCAM and Hs-CRP were elevated in patients with T2DM with cognitive impairment. Therefore inflammatory mediators may have a role in the accelerated development of cognitive impairment either by a direct effect on the brain or through an influence on the development of atherosclerosis, vascular disease, and endothelial dysfunction. The aim of the study was to determine the relation between serum levels of soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) and hs-CRP in elderly T2DM patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Our study was conducted on 90 elderly subjects (aged 60 years old or more) selected from diabetes inpatient and outpatient clinic at internal medicine and geriatrics departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals from June 2016 to February 2017. A written consent was obtained from the participants at the beginning of the study. They were divided into the following groups: Group І: 30 patients with T2DM and mild cognitive impairment`` Group ІІ: 30 patients with T2DM without cognitive impairment. Group III: 30 healthy subjects as a control group, both patients and control groups were comparable for age and gender. Brief screening for recruitment was conducted by the investigators to identify potential participants. We included patients aged 60 and over with T2DM diagnosed minimum 1 year earlier and can understand and cooperate with the study procedures.