“Using biologically treated wastewater from AlGabal Alasfar area (Cairo) in fish farming”

Abstract

The problem of sanitation in Egypt increases due to the increase of population density and the increase in water consumption. The sanitation level in the small communities and/or rural areas is not more than 12%. The high construction, operation and maintenance costs for centralized conventional wastewater collection and treatment system represent an obstacle for the Egyptian Government in the installment of such a system in rural areas and small communities. Moreover, the skills needed for operation and continuous monitoring programs are absolutely unavailable on a village scale. Due to this, the on-site low cost options or decentralized sanitation systems are all become an interesting solution for application and testing The safe use of sewage is becoming a global concern for obvious health and environmental reasons. For arid and semiarid countries of limited water resources, like the Near East region, reusing treated wastewater is considered as an integral part of the total available water resources. This study aims to the development and testing of an integrated low cost technology for domestic wastewater treatment that can be applied in small communities and/or rural areas. New technologies are being produced to assist in the treatment of sewage water. One of the new technologies being proposed is the use of EM1 in the present study. The system of treatment of wastewater consists of four successive stages: 1- Using EM1 by different concentrations and different incubation period to know the possibility to reduce the retention in the treatment process. Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion 107 2-Using agriculture residue (corn or maize) with different sizes and shapes to study their effect on increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment,following using EM1. 3-Toxicity test with Daphnia magna straus for the wastewater treated by EM1 and corn . 4-Using the treated wastewater in aquaculture. 1-Using EM1 for treatment of wastewater by using different concentrations at different incubation periods: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of effective microorganism (EM1) on improving the quality of sewage water from the septic tanks of houses of AlGabel Alasfer area in Egypt. In the laboratory experiment, different concentrations of activated EM1 were used (5, 10, 50, and 100 ml per liter of sewage water) in the treatment to know the best concentration and period for treatment. The EM1 formulation was evaluated for increasing in (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO), and reduction of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total soluble solid(TSS),total solids (TS) ,nitrate (NO3) ,Sulphate ,Ammonia, phosphorus , total coliform(TC) and fecal coliform(FC). The results showed that there was decrease in pH values with adding EM1 content and there is little change in pH with time for the same concentration of EM1. The pH values of treated wastewater after 20 days incubation period ranged from 7.2, 7.3, 7.6and 7.9 by adding (100ml, 50ml, 10ml, 5ml) of EM1 to 1 liter of wastewater, respectively. Summary and Conclusion 108 The average values of DO of treated wastewater were 5.78, 5.23, 3.94 and 2.9 mg/L at 100, 50, 10 and 5ml EM1/1L wastewater, respectively after 20 days incubation period. The average residual values of COD of untreated wastewater was 466 mg\L. and it reached to 2696.9 mg\L at concentrations 100mlEM1\1L wastewater after 20 days,while at 50,10.and 5ml concentrations of EM1 the values of COD were 1623,971.6 and 185.5 mg/L,respectively after 20 days incubation period. The average residual values of BOD5 were 233.92 mg/L without treatment of wastewater and at concentrations 100,50,10 and 5ml of EM1to1liter of wastewater it was 1618.14, 973.8, 582.96 and 111.3mg/L