CATECHOLAMINES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Samer Mohamed Samir Mahmoud;
Abstract
Catecholamines (CAs) are a group of similar compounds having a sympathomimetic action. The three naturally occurring CAs are epinephrine (E), norepinephrine
(NE) and dopamine (D). The main sites of production of CAs
are the brain, adrenal medulla and sympathetic neurons. The aromatic amino acid tyrosine is the precursor of CAs.
Two enzymes are important for CA metabolism; monoarmne oxidase and catechol-0-methyltransferase. The major metabolites of epinephrine and norepinephrine are metanephrine (MN), normetanephrine (NMN) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), meanwhile, dopamine is metabolized to homovanillic acid (HVA).
The brain contains three main dopamine neurotransmitter systems, the extrapyramidal system (involved in coordination of fine muscular movements), the mesolimbic system involved in memory and emotion) and the hypothalamic pituitary axis (involved in the release of prolactin). On the other hand, norepinephrine-containing neurons are present m the cerebellum and cerebral cortex (which control fine coordination of body movement, alertness and emotion), as well as the hypothalamus (which controls hunger, thirst, temperature, blood pressure, behavior and reproduction). Dopamine and norepinephrine have a great influence on the vascular system,
(NE) and dopamine (D). The main sites of production of CAs
are the brain, adrenal medulla and sympathetic neurons. The aromatic amino acid tyrosine is the precursor of CAs.
Two enzymes are important for CA metabolism; monoarmne oxidase and catechol-0-methyltransferase. The major metabolites of epinephrine and norepinephrine are metanephrine (MN), normetanephrine (NMN) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), meanwhile, dopamine is metabolized to homovanillic acid (HVA).
The brain contains three main dopamine neurotransmitter systems, the extrapyramidal system (involved in coordination of fine muscular movements), the mesolimbic system involved in memory and emotion) and the hypothalamic pituitary axis (involved in the release of prolactin). On the other hand, norepinephrine-containing neurons are present m the cerebellum and cerebral cortex (which control fine coordination of body movement, alertness and emotion), as well as the hypothalamus (which controls hunger, thirst, temperature, blood pressure, behavior and reproduction). Dopamine and norepinephrine have a great influence on the vascular system,
Other data
| Title | CATECHOLAMINES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE | Other Titles | الامينات الكاتيكولية في الصحة والمرض | Authors | Samer Mohamed Samir Mahmoud | Issue Date | 2001 |
Attached Files
| File | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Samer Mohamed Samir Mahmoud.pdf | 1.4 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.