A Real Time Self Powered Wireless Technique Based on Microcontrollers for Monitoring and Controlling Some Environmental Conditions

Abstract

Abstract Wireless Sensor Network, generally abbreviated to WSN, has been identified as one of the most important technologies for the 21st century. The recent advances of WSN technology have been widely adapted their rapid integration in new critical application fields including infrastructure, environmental and battle field monitoring. In this concern, the proposed thesis was focused on the applications of such technology on different environmental areas. The proposed WSN system was equipped with an extensive data acquisition system based on Arduino Mega, advanced wireless module of the model RF1100-232 as well, eleven microclimatic sensors were chosen for applying different applications. Physical parameters sensors were classified as: seven MOS gas sensors; like hydrogen H2, iso-butane/propane, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), air quality, natural gas and alcohol besides temperature and humidity sensors. In addition to, radiation light sensor and chemical soil moisture sensor. The proposed system is characterized with its low cost and small-sized electronic components capable of collecting different parameters levels while visually displaying real time through an interactive wireless communication capabilities. All the experimental data were collected, stored, analyzed and represented in the form of numbers and charts using MATLAB Program. For the system better power management, the advanced solar power scheme based on solar cell was implemented to access less power consumption. Moreover, a message alarm was sent to the base station if the measured values surpass the normal value. The proposed design and implementation of hardware technologies and software architectures, as well, the work of various electronic testing equipment and circuits were explained in details.