Surface MarKer CD58 Adhesion Molecule in Acute Leukemia

Abstract

Co-stimulatory molecules are membrane-bound molecules which play a crucial role in T-cell activation, required to induce T-cell proliferation & secretion of cytokines. This work aimed to study CD58 expression on leukemic blasts by flow cytometric analysis in acute leukemia patients and investigate if it has any role in detection of MRD in those patients. LFA-3 (lymphocyte function- associated antigen-3) is a ligand for the T lymphocyte CD2 glycoprotein LFA-3 can co-. stimulate cytokine secretion by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Tumor cells expressing LFA-3 were shown to elicit an antitumor immunity response, also cells lacking its expression, may escape from immune surveillance. As an adhesive molecule, CD58 can influence adhesive capacity of the leukemic cells, thus affecting their proliferation, localization and apoptosis. This study was conducted on 39 patients with acute leukemia (30 newly diagnosed patients and 9 patients after induction chemotherapy). The expression of CD 58 was detected by flow cytometric analysis using the moab (IgG2a ­- FITC) for staining CD 58. Higher expression of CD 58 in the newly diagnosed group than in patients after indication chemotherapy was detected.