Effects of Clotropis procera stem extract and iron nanoparticles on Schistosoma mansoni and its intermediate host

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is the second most serious parasitic disease in the world, with almost half a million deaths annually, especially in developing countries. With increased resistance of worms to chemical drugs as well as side effects of medicines, and chemical pesticides used in snails control and environmental problems caused by the triad and killing of non-target organisms has made the issue even more difficult; therefore, the use of herbal remedies is the best alternative. In this respect, the scientific interest inC.procera (Oshar) has increased and many researchers have published on the capacity of this medicinal plant as antiparasitic source. The interest in nanoparticles as antiparasitic agents has also increased. Many studies and researches were conducted on their ability on treatment of diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify whether the stem extract of C. proceraand iron nanoparticles have an antischistosomal effect schistosomiasis and eradication effect on Biomphalariasnails