Effect of different lung ventilatory patterns during and after Cardiopulmonary bypass on oxygenation parameters after cardiac surgery in adults A comparative study

Abstract

Pulmonary complications are common after cardiac surgery with increased mortality rates. Pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery recorded incidence of 25% of all cardiac surgeries. Pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery included in atelectasis, pleural effusion, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pulmonary edema and phrenic nerve injury. Impairment of gas exchange is reflected by reduction in oxygenation and in hypoxic index (PaO2/FiO2). Pathophysiology of postoperative pulmonary complications is multifactorial including inflammatory response to CPB, stopping ventilation during CPB, blood transfusion and hyperoxia. There are multiple strategies for intervention to decrease the rate of incidence of these complications and these strategies including pharmaceutical route, leukocyte depletion, ultrafiltration, heparinization of the artificial circuit and maintaining ventilation during CPB.