GENETIC STUDY ON SOME ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF PEAS

Abstract

This study was conducted in research fasilities of the Horticulture Research Institute during the period from 1 998 to 2001. Six crosses and their reciprocals were made between peas cvs Cascadia, Lincoln, Master, and Toledo. Parental, F1, F,r, and F2 populations of each cross were evaluated. Maternal effect was existed only in one out of the six crosses for each of number of days to flowering, number of seeds/pod, and 'reducing and total sugars contents, and in two out ofthe six crosses for green pods yield/plant. In all or most crosses, dominance was detected for each of tall parents, high number ofbranches/plant, small number of days , to flowering, high green pods yield/plant, high number of pods/plant, high i number of seeds/pod, and high shelling percentage. Meanwhile, • dominance of the low parent was found in most crosses for each of mean seed weight and reducing and total sugars contents. Positive heterosis over the better parent was found in most or all studied crosses for each of the characters plant height, number ofbranches/plant, green pods yield/plant, number of pods/plant, and number of seeds/pod, while, negative heterosis in most or all studied crosses was detected for each of the characters number of days to flowering, shelling percentage, mean seed weight, and reducing and total sugars contents. Minimum number of gene pairs estimated was 1, 1, 1-2, I, I, 1-7, 1, 1-2, 1-10,and 1-10forplantheight, number of branches/plant, number of days to flowering, green pods yield/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, shelling percentage, mean seed weight, reducing sugars content, and total sugars content, respectively. BSH estimates for previously listed characters were respectively, 16.19 % -76.60%, 71.19%-79.49%,65.64%-94.23%, 75.39 % - 90.53%, 54.88 % - 86.01 %, 14.67%-43.47%, 15.50%- 47.45 %, 18.18%- 94.29 %, 54.17%- 63.53 %, and 59.38%- 81.32 %.